The rise of the fourth industrial revolution, or Industry 4.0, requires the adoption of new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), automation and robotics. Industries must not only finance these technologies, but also develop the skills required to implement and manage them.

At the same time, cybersecurity is becoming a major issue as digitalization increases. To protect data and systems, industries are called upon to implement solid security measures and comply with current regulations. Pressure for greater environmental responsibility is another central concern. Industries are required to reduce their carbon footprint, optimize energetic efficiency and adopt sustainable practices, often requiring significant investment and redesign of production processes. Industry also needs to strengthen the resilience of its supply chains, which have recently been exposed to a variety of vulnerabilities. The solution could lie in diversifying suppliers, investing in new technologies and relocating or regionalizing certain operations.

A further challenge is the skills shortage, exacerbated by the rapid evolution of technologies and work processes. To bridge this gap, industries need to invest in skills training and development, as well as in recruiting talent with new skills.